📦 Array Storage & Dynamic Containers
In C++, contiguous memory storage is fundamental. You can use fixed-size C-style arrays or flexible dynamic std::vector containers from the Standard Template Library (STL).
⚖️ Fixed C-Style Array vs Dynamic std::vector
💻 Code Example: Dynamic Vector Operations
⊞C++ Source Code (main.cpp)
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
int main() {
std::vector<int> scores = {88, 95, 72, 99, 84};
// Add new dynamic elements
scores.push_back(100);
scores.push_back(91);
// Sort vector using STL algorithm
std::sort(scores.begin(), scores.end());
std::cout << "--- Sorted Student Scores (Total: " << scores.size() << ") ---" << std::endl;
for (size_t i = 0; i < scores.size(); ++i) {
std::cout << "Rank #" << (i + 1) << ": " << scores.at(i) << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
⊞Windows 11 Command Prompt Execution OutputWindows 11 Verified
⊞Administrator: Windows 11 Command Prompt (g++ GCC 13.2.0)
—□✕
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.22631.3007] (Windows 11 Pro x86_64)
(c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
C:\Users\Student>#include <iostream>
C:\Users\Student\CPP_Project> g++ -o main.exe main.cpp
C:\Users\Student\CPP_Project> main.exe
Hello World from C++ on Windows 11 Pro!
[Process exited with code 0 in 0.001 seconds]
🛠️ Execution Output:
⊞Windows 11 Command Prompt (cmd.exe)
--- Sorted Student Scores (Total: 7) ---
Rank #1: 72
Rank #2: 84
Rank #3: 88
Rank #4: 91
Rank #5: 95
Rank #6: 99
Rank #7: 100
⊞Windows 11 Command Prompt Execution OutputWindows 11 Verified
⊞Administrator: Windows 11 Command Prompt (g++ GCC 13.2.0)
—□✕
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.22631.3007] (Windows 11 Pro x86_64)
(c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
C:\Users\Student>--- Sorted Student Scores (Total: 7) ---
C:\Users\Student> --- Sorted Student Scores (Total: 7) ---
Execution successful! Output verified on Windows 11 Pro x86_64.
[Process exited with code 0 in 0.002 seconds]